Plagiarism Certification Tests for Undergraduate College Students and Advanced High School StudentsThese tests are intended for undergraduate students in college or those under 18 years of age.Read these directions carefully!The below test includes 10 questions, randomly selected from a large inventory. Most questions will be different each time you take the test,You must answer at least 9 out of 10 questions correctly to receive your Certificate.You have 40 minutes to complete each test, and you must answer all 10 questions in order to to see your results. If you do not pass this test in 40 minutes, you can begin a new test. Most people complete this test in less than 15 minutes.You only get 1 attempt to have each particular test evaluated (e.g., if you try using the Back button and change something, you will not get another evaluation for this test).If the student version contains BOTH word-for-word and paraphrasing plagiarism, you should select word-for-word.If you need help, see this document which provides criteria for determining plagiarism that are used in this test.Privacy notice: If you pass a test, unique information displayed on your Certificate is also stored in a secure location.Item 1In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThe philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner, is a human construction.References:Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Does knowledge exist outside of, or separate from, the individual who knows? Constructivists argue that “… human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner, is a human construction.”References:Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 2In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent Version (written in 2002)Merck, in fact, epitomizes the ideological nature–the pragmatic idealism–of highly visionary companies. Our research showed that a fundamental element in the “ticking clock” of a visionary company is a core ideology–core values and a sense of purpose beyond just making money–that guides and inspires people throughout the organization and remains relatively fixed for long periods of time.References:Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.Merck is one of world’s biggest pharmaceutical companies. It originated in Germany late in the seventeenth century with operations in the United States starting in the late nineteenth century. As a business, Merck pursues profitable ventures; however, they have established an impressive track record of charitable giving with hundreds of millions in donations.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 3In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThe philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner, is a human construction.References:Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle, NJ: Prentice-Hall.The philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge is a human construction.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 4In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionIn examining the history of the visionary companies, we were struck by how often they made some of their best moves not by detailed strategic planning, but rather by experimentation, trial and error, opportunism, and–quite literally–accident. What looks in hindsight like a brilliant strategy was often the residual result of opportunistic experimentation and “purposeful accidents.”References:Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.The variety of projects that Google undertakes, from Internet search to cars that drive themselves, could be considered lack of focus. However, perhaps Google recognizes that successful moves that looked like the result of “a brilliant strategy was often the residual result of opportunistic experimentation” (Collins & Porras, 2002, p. 141).References:Collins, J. C., & Porras, J. I. (2002). Built to last: Successful habits of visionary companies. New York, NY: Harper Paperbacks.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 5In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThe concept of systems is really quite simple. The basic idea is that a system has parts that fit together to make a whole; but where it gets complicated – and interesting – is how those parts are connected or related to each other. There are many kinds of systems: government systems, health systems, military systems, business systems, and educational systems, to name a few.References:Frick, T. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Retrieved from https://tedfrick.sitehost.iu.edu/fastback/fastback326.html#natureFrick (1991) claims that systems, including both business systems, and educational systems, are actually very simple. The main idea is that systems “have parts that fit together to make a whole” (The nature of systems in education section, para. 1). What is further interesting to Frick is how those parts are connected together.References:Frick, T. (1991). Restructuring education through technology. Bloomington, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation. Retrieved from https://tedfrick.sitehost.iu.edu/fastback/fastback326.html#natureWhich of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 6In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThere is no other way to accommodate the facts that different children learn at different rates and have different learning needs. But to have an attainment-based rather than time-based system, we must in turn have person-based progress rather than group-based progress. And that in tum requires changing the role of the teacher to that of a coach or facilitator/manager, rather than that of dispenser of knowledge to groups of students who pass by at the ring of a bell like so many little widgets on an assembly line.References:Reigeluth, C. M. (1994). The imperative for systemic change. In C. M. Reigeluth & R. J. Garfinkle (Eds.). Systemic change in education. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.In the new paradigm of the information age, rather than serving as a dispenser of knowledge as teachers did in the industrial age, their role must change to that of coach or facilitator of learning (Reigeluth, 1994). There is no other way to accommodate the facts that different children learn at different rates and have different learning needs (Reigeluth, 1994, p. 8).References:Reigeluth, C. M. (1994). The imperative for systemic change. In C. M. Reigeluth & R. J. Garfinkle (Eds.). Systemic change in education. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 7In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionComputer-mediated learning products-whether they are guided practice exercises, tutorials, simulations, games, hypertext, multimedia or Web documents merely carry out the directives (rules, programs, scripts, mark-ups) from a human tutor who originally designed the particular instructional or informational system and its subject matter. A computer system has no idea of the meanings of the messages (i.e., groups of “signs”) being sent back and forth between the tutor and students. A computer system is a medium which conveys those human messages.References:Frick, T. (1997). Artificially intelligent tutoring systems: what computers can and can’t know. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 16(2), 107-124. Web supplement. [R&T]The role of a computer-based instructional system is to deliver messages to learners. Those messages originated from a human tutor who developed the instruction. Computer systems do not understand these messages which comprise the instruction, student responses, and feedback during the learning process. A computer is merely a conduit for the exchange of messages between student and teacher. A computer system has no idea of the meanings of the messages.References:Frick, T. (1997). Artificially intelligent tutoring systems: what computers can and can’t know. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 16(2), 107-124. Web supplement. [R&T]Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 8In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThe philosophical position known as constructivism views knowledge as a human construction. The various perspectives within constructivism are based on the premise that knowledge is not part of an objective, external reality that is separate from the individual. Instead, human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner, is a human construction.References:Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Does knowledge exist outside of, or separate from, the individual who knows? Constructivists hold that human knowledge, whether the bodies of content in public disciplines (such as mathematics or sociology) or knowledge of the individual learner, is a human construction (Gredler, 2001).References:Gredler, M. E. (2001). Learning and instruction: Theory into practice (4th Ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 9In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionComplex learning is the integration of knowledge, skills and attitudes; coordinating qualitatively different constituent skills; and often transferring what was learned in school or training to daily life and work. There are many examples of theoretical design models that have been developed to promote complex learning: cognitive apprenticeship, collaborative problem solving, constructivism and constructivist learning environments, learning by doing, multiple approaches to understanding , star legacy , as well as the subject of this contribution, the Four-Component Instructional Design model.References:van Merriënboer, J. J. G. & Kirschner, P. A. K. (2007). Ten steps to complex learning: A systematic approach to four-component instructional design. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Mahwah, NJ.Van Merriënboer and Kirschner (2007) indicated that complex learning involves the learning of how to complete authentic tasks which require the use and integration of knowledge and skills from multiple domains. Complex learning tasks have no single correct method of completion but instead a range of methods that result in the completion of the task at varying degrees of appeal, efficiency, and effectiveness. They further state that complex learning involves “the integration of knowledge, skills and attitudes; coordinating qualitatively different constituent skills, and often transferring what was learned … to daily life and work” (p. 4).References:van Merriënboer, J. J. G. & Kirschner, P. A. K. (2007). Ten steps to complex learning: A systematic approach to four-component instructional design. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Mahwah, NJ.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarismHintsItem 10In the case below, the original source material is given along with a sample of student work. Determine the type of plagiarism by clicking the appropriate radio button.Original Source MaterialStudent VersionThere is a design methodology called rapid prototyping, which has been used successfully in software engineering. Given similarities between software design and instructional design, we argue that rapid prototyping is a viable method for instructional design, especially for computer-based instruction.References:Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.Rapid prototyping could be an advantageous methodology for developing innovative computer-based instruction. Software engineers have been successful in designing applications by using rapid prototyping. So it also could be an efficient way to do instructional design.References:Tripp, S. D., & Bichelmeyer, B. A. (1990). Rapid prototyping: An alternative instructional design strategy. Educational Technology Research and Development, 38(1), 31-44.Which of the following is true for the Student Version above?Word-for-Word plagiarismParaphrasing plagiarismThis is not plagiarism
