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Comprehensive Case Study on COPD, Heart Failure, Hypertension, and Diabetes Mellitus

Review the following case study and complete the questions that follow. For this assignment, write your responses to each question as one narrative rather than separating your responses by question number. Include an introduction and a conclusion. Submit your answers using APA format, well-written sentences, and detailed explanations. Your analysis must be scientifically sound, necessary, and sufficient. Paper must be a minimum of 8 pages, plus references and title page.

You must also include a bibliography of at least 3 sources (with at least one non Internet source). Your textbook may not be included as a source for this assignment. Refer to the rubric for more information on how your assignment will be graded.

Case Study

M.K. is a 45-year-old female, measuring 55 and weighs 225 lbs. M.K. has a history of smoking about 22 years along with a poor diet. She has a history of Type II diabetes mellitus along with primary hypertension. M.K. has recently been diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. Her current symptoms include chronic cough, more severe in the mornings with sputum, light-headedness, distended neck veins, excessive peripheral edema, and increase urination at night. Her current medications include Lotensin and Lasix for the hypertension along with Glucophage for the Type II diabetes mellitus.

Vitals

BP

158/98 mm Hg

CBC

Hematocrit

57%

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

7.3 %

Arterial Blood Gas Assessment

PaCO

52 mm Hg

PaO

48 mm Hg

Lipid Panel

Cholesterol

242 mg/dL

HDL

32 mg/dL

LDL

173 mg/dL

Triglycerides

1000 mg/dL

What clinical findings correlate with M.K.s chronic bronchitis? What type of treatment and recommendations would be appropriate for M.K.s chronic bronchitis?
Which type of heart failure would you suspect with M.K.? Explain the pathogenesis of how this type of heart failure develops.
According to the American Heart Association 2017 new guidelines, and M.K.’s B.P. value, what stage of hypertension is she experiencing? Explain the rationale for her current medications for her hypertension. Also, discuss the impact of this disease in the U.S. population.
According to the lipid panel, what other condition is M.K. at risk for? According to this case study, what other medications should be given and why? What additional findings correlate for both hypertension and Type II diabetes mellitus?
Interpret the lab value for HbA1c and explain the rationale for this value in relation to normal/abnormal body function?

Select a work of art with which you are already familiar. Note that while you dont have to be an expert, you want to select something you know a great deal about.

1. Select a work of art with which you are already familiar. Note that while you dont have to be an expert, you want to select something you know a great deal about.

2. Investigate various sources that discuss your selected artwork so that you are able to conclude in what ways its important or meaningful. Please note that you may not find sources that specifically address the importance of the work but rather you may need to make this conclusion based on what you have read from various sources.

3. Construct a thesis that presents the overall meaning or importance of the work based on the sources read. For instance, is the work meaningful to a particular group of people, has it influenced other works of art, or did it change the genre in some way?

4. Create a 2-4 page synthesis essay provides 3-5 main points about the importance/meaning of the work by incorporating various viewpoints to establish an overall assessment and commentary.

Law and Economics

Assignment The individual essay will relate to the event chosen by the group for their presentation. Students in their individual essays need to provide a full analysis (legal and economic) of the event/case chosen, and not only the part they presented with their group the day of their presentation. Finally, and importantly, students are reminded that the course in Law & Economics as a whole (seminars, assignments and exams) is a Level 3 course. This means that written assignments will also be assessed on Level 3. Each essay needs to have at least an introduction, clearly indicated subparts and a conclusion. Students are not only expected to introduce economic principles or theories, but also to implement the theories to the case at hand. All sources used and implemented need to be referred to in dedicated footnotes, respecting the OSCOLA format. The competences which will be particularly tested for the assignments are legal analysis and regulating. -Header with student name date and legal product title (Assignment number) Maximum 1850 words; TNR12 or Arial 10, single-lined. Structure of the essay Header Introduction The introduction should consist of brief summary of the 2011 Gleison Colliery inrush incident couple with an explanation on how the analysis will follow and purpose of the analysis. Analysis of legal framework Analysis of legal framework before – The Health and safety at work Act 1974 – The Management and Administration of safety and Health at Mines Regulation 1993 – The mines Precautions Against inrushes Regulations 1979 Use positive and normative evaluation to analyze the laws, Explain the law, the aims and whether the law was effect. Normative evaluation proposes ways to make the law effective/efficient. Analysis of the legal framework after – Mines Regulation 2014 – Please search if there were other new Regulations Explain the new mines legal framework, its aims, compare it to the previous regulations and state whether the law is effective and why do you think the law is effective. Economic Analysis Explain what Economic analysis does, (In order to make the economy efficient economic analysis is needed. Explain why this applies to Gleison Accident. Two Economic principle: Two economic principles apply in Gleison incident are as follow; – Pareto efficiency Explain the principle, why does this apply to the Gleison incident and the result it produces when used in Gleison incident. – Kaldor -Hicks Efficiency Explain the principle, why does this apply to the Gleison incident and the result it produces when used in Gleison incident. Explain the three qualifications of Kaldor principles and reflect it on the Todays Mine industry in the UK. Three qualification of Kaldor – The second best – Please the last two – Coase Theorem Explain the Coase Theorem principle, and state whether this principle best suit to use in marking the law effective by taking into account all the externalities, cost and benefit. Statistic The number of mines accidents before the Legal framework and After the Law has been improved. Conclusion The conclusion should cover both legal and economic analysis, mention how the new Mines law have impacted the economy, state whether the mines accident has reduced in UK since the new framework is place. Tips – Please follow the structure when writing the essay. Use the headings and subheadings to ensure clarity and coherence. – Read the 2011 Gleison Colliery mines incident occurred in the UK Swansea Valley to grape the understanding of the topic. – Use Positive study and normative evaluation to determine the loopholes in the law and propose ways to make the law efficient/effective. – Apply the economic principles to the Gleison Incident to determine the best outcome. – Draw comparison between the law in place at the time of the event and after the event to determine the effectiveness in today mines industry by using statistics. – Conclusion should emphasis on the loopholes in the law before, the changes that current legal framework has brought the society and the economy, etc. Additional information – No copy and paste from materials submitted, from Internet etc to prevent plagiarism. – All sources must be footnote and cited in Oxford style (OSCOLA) – Strict maximum word limit 1850 should not be exceeded excluding the bibliography.
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How can telemedicine programs such as URMCs reduce health disparities and inequalities for patients in underserved areas of the community or of lower economic status?

The text book for this course:

Case study
Chapter 3:
Historical Overview of U.S. Health Care Delivery
The history of health care delivery began in earnest after the Flexner Report was published in 1910. The Flexner Report established the supremacy of science and medical education as the foundation of the U.S. health care system. Following the Flexner Report, medical schools began to implement strict eligibility requirements for prospective students and rigorous scientific standards for medical school graduates ((University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). As a result, licensed medical providers and health care professionals began practicing medicine in rudimentary hospitals and traveling on house call circuits. Over time, these care delivery models would later give way to the modern medical office-based visits, urgent care centers, outpatient surgical centers, and various classifications of hospitals (Lathrop & Hodnicki, 2044).
Introduction
The health care landscape is still evolving because of government efforts toward health care reform and the emergence of innovative integrated care delivery models, such as accountable care organization and patient-centered medical homes. Over the past decade, health care reform has ushered in the rapid advancement of state-of-the-art clinical information systems to modernize health care delivery. The future landscape of health care is a partnership between patients and providers, facilitated through federal health policy and health information technology.
Case Report

The University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) is one of the nations leading academic, health research, teaching, and patient care medical centers (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). The medical center was co-founded in 1921 by Abraham Flexner to fulfill his vision for scientific medical education and a health care delivery system and university hospital (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). URMCs health care delivery has expanded beyond traditional office-based visits toward a coordinated care model that integrates mobile health technology as a vital component of disease prevention and management (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). For example, the use of mobile personal health records can enable patients to obtain a clinical summary from a recent visit and review physician orders. Mobile health services and applications are an ideal self-management tool for patients with chronic diseases (Odier, 2016). The innovative coordinated care model is built upon the historical foundations of the house call, office visits, and hospital stays by broadening care delivery through mobile health, personal health records, and telemedicine.
In 2013 URMC launched a pilot telemedicine program called Tele-I-Care. The goal was to increase the number of eye examinations for as many as 3,000 patients in underserved areas of the community (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). URMIC also provides telemedicine services for pediatric, diabetic, and neurology patients. Its telemedicine program for Parkinsons patients, for example, removes a geographical barrier to access to health services (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). Diagnosis of Parkinsons disease is expected to double by 2030, and it is estimated that more than 40% of patients do not seek treatment with a neurologist (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014).

Conclusion
Technological advances in telemedicine are just the beginning of exciting changes in health care such as an increase in collaboration between health systems or the consumer demand for access to personal health information through smartphone and wearable technology (Kuramoto, 2014). For example, URMSs extensive telemedicine service line delivers health care to patients with various chronic conditions and has received high patient satisfaction ratings (University of Rochester Medical Center, 2014). URMCs coordinated care delivery, chronic disease prevention, and treatment core objectives are born from Flexners scientific approach to health care delivery.

Questions

1. How can telemedicine programs such as URMCs reduce health disparities and inequalities for patients in underserved areas of the community or of lower economic status?
2. Despite the technological advances in health care (i.e., mobile health, wearables, and telemedicine), what barriers still exist for patients to access them to improve their quality of life?

References
Kuramoto, R. K. (2014). Specialties: Missing in our health care reform strategies? Journal of Health Care Management, 59(2), 8994.
Lathrop, B., & Hodnicki, D. R. (2014). The Affordable Care Act: Primary care and the doctor of nursing practice nurse. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 19(2). doi:10.3912/OJIN.Vol198No02PPT02
Odier, N. (2010). The US health-care system: A proposal for reform. Journal of Medical Marketing, 10(4), 279304. doi:10.1057/jmm.2010.17
Staff. (2014, March 24). University of Rochester Medical Center100 great hospitals in America. Beckers Hospital Review. Retrieved from https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/100-great-hospitals-2014/university-of-rochester-medical-center-gh-14.html

Rubric

CASE STUDIES

Each case studiy includes a description of the assignment and a grading rubric. Assignments are submitted in Blackboard under Submissons.

Instructions for Developiing Case Study Analysis

Purpose of a case study is to build upon your foundational knowledge gained from the assigned readings and create an analysis of an assigned topic using critical thinking skills.
Read each case and the questions carefully. Most errors occur when students do not answer the actual question. I read many interesting papers about the assigned topic that do not answer questions, and unfortunately do not receive a passing grade, regardless of how well written.
Work is evaluated for a logical approach as well as accurate content. Use Case Study Resources to learn how to approach assignment in terms of critical thinking.
Write a critical analysis of selected theme using evidence based literature and not based on your own opinions, values or beliefs. This is not an assignment to write summaries of other persons’ work; this is a course where you must demonstrate the ability to think critically and to apply models and theories to real world situations.
You must know how to conduct research to obtain journal publications — ((evidence-based (EB) literature))– and how to use the library databases for obtaining information. You can request assistance from the library staff, if needed. [ jwesterd@odu.edu]. The ODU Information Literacy Tutorials provide you this instruction.
References should be less than 7 years old and a minium of 5 peer-reviewed journal articles. Any reputable websites (such as government websites, like the CDC, CMS, etc.) count above the 5 minimum EB sources. Sources like newspapers, blogs, and Wikipedia are unacceptable for use as a reference. Use your textbook for;your own foundational knowledge but do not quote..
Include an introductory and closing paragraph. Use subheadings to delineate the case questions. Headings should match the question content. I should not have to guess the topic.
Instructions for Formating Case Study Paper

All typed work should be double-spaced, use Arial or Times New Roman, font size 12.
Basic knowledge of writing is required, such as how to construct a paragraph, an introduction and closing. This is a technical report written in 3rd person and without contractions (cann’t, don’t, doesn’t, wont’t, etc.).
Must use APA Style format for entire work: cover page, page numbering, subheadings, citations, and references.
Cover page must include number and title of case, your name, course number and name (CHP 390 U.S. Healthcare Delivery System), instructor’s name (Dr. Shuman), date of submission, word count, and ODU Honor Pledge. Headers are not needed so please do not use.
Paper should be 800-1,000 words. Any less indicates insufficient content and is an automatic failure. Assignments 5% in excess of the word count (50 words) will be penalized. Cover page and references are excluded from the word count.
Do not use direct quotes, but rather paraphrase original work and include citation and corresponding reference. See APA Style.
Similarity Index for this assignment is at 20%. Any paper with a similarity index greater than 20% will be penalized with automatic failure. I only count highlights within the body of the paper. Sentences typically get highlighted that are too similiar to original work or have improper citations. You have multiple opportunities for submission so that you can check your work, edit and resubmit.
Please submit the assignments in the designated Drop Box in BLACKBOARD. NO other submission method is acceptable. Never email papers to instructor.
All assignments are evaluated using the grading rubric. All grades on BLACKBOARD are final.
Papers less than minimum word count (800 words), with no in-text citations or with highlighting by SafeAssign in the body of the paper receive an automatic failing grade. See Syllabus, “Automatic Failing Grades on Assignments.” No exceptions and no resuMbmissions.

Consider both the texts strengths and its weaknesses.

After watching the documentary several times, you will compose a rhetorical analysis on the film.

Characteristics of a Rhetorical Analysis

A successful rhetorical analysis will do the following:

Accurately describe the texts argument and main claim to provide context (i.e. determine rhetorical situation).
Assert a clear and specific claim (ones evaluation of the texts rhetorical effectiveness) early in the essayusually the last sentence of the introduction.
Consider both the texts strengths and its weaknesses.
Effectively deploy rhetorical vocabulary (ethos, pathos, logos) and knowledge into the analysis.
Provide specific examples of rhetorical strategies and explanation of HOW they work, giving careful consideration to the intended audience.
Effectively integrate quotations and concrete evidence from the text to support claims.
Reinforce the claim and assert the significance of the analysis in the conclusion.

The film is on Youtube called “Tapped”. Here is the link…

suspected pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes What is an ideal lab test to use in this situation? What is it a measure of?

The use of a biochemical test is a great way to obtain objective results when testing for a possible nutrient deficiency, toxicitiy or a nutrient-disease related medical conditions. This units reading may be helpful to address these topics;specifically: Deen, D., & Hark, L. (2007). The Complete Guide to Nutrition in Primary Care. Malden, Mass: Wiley-Blackwell. [Chapters 8, 10 -12] Choose ONE of the below biochemical tests OR conditions that a biochemical test is used for suspected pre-diabetes or Type 2 diabetes Serum ferritin Considering your chosen biochemical test or condition, answer the following questions: A. suspected pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes What is an ideal lab test to use in this situation? What is it a measure of? Why is it considered ideal in this case? Is there an alternative lab test? What are the limitations of using only the alternative test? What is the normal/healthy lab value range for this lab test? B. serum ferritin What is the normal/healthy lab range for ferritin? What is this lab test commonly used to detect or rule out? (What condition does ferritin test for?) Why is it considered to be such a specified lab test to identify this condition? What are some typical causes that may contribute to a low or high range? What are alternative lab tests that can be used? Review the Discussion Board grading rubric under Course Resources in the Table of Contents. Discussion responses should be on topic, original, and contribute to the quality of the Discussion by making frequent informed references to lesson material. Initial Discussion responses should be a minimum of 200 words. Make two or more responses to classmates that are thoughtful and advance the Discussion and are a minimum of 75 words.
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Health screening

As a Masters prepared nurse, you are responsible for knowing basic health screenings for various populations, Read the required readings and refer to the course resources. Choose the young, middle or older adult population. Address the preventive health screenings for one of these subsections of the adult population based on age and sex. Include adult immunization recommendations for that adult age group. Finally hone in on one screening recommendation you included, addressing specific statistics and risks within the chosen age group, that support the recommendation of the preventive screening. Please chose middle age populations. Please follow the instructions. Thank you

Ecosystems and Evolution

There are two part of this paper.The first one :After read three chapters, answer three questions below with total of 200 to 300 words (do not exceed 300 word, please).(Unit 2 Discussion)1-List 3 species, not discussed on p. 72 (there is a red dot on the title of the file), that benefit peoples lives (locally), I live Seattle area, and state how2-List 2 ways in which local lifestyles could be contributing to the decline of a local species. Look up native species in your local area first (if you do not know them). Be specific and discuss.3-Are humans a keystone species? If humans went extinct, what is a species that might also become extinct and what is a species that might thrive?The second part: (200-300 words)(The summery)Your weekly summary is expected to describe the highlights of what you learned during this week in the environmental class, including use of some of the terms and explanations of some of the concepts. While you get writing credit, the summary is to add value to your classmates’ understanding of the material.Include the main concepts/facts you learned during the week, in one, two, or three full paragraphs. Be sure to use some of the new terminology that you have learned. Include the new terms in the context of your summary to demonstrate your understanding.The maximum amount of points is only awarded to summaries that are:Sufficiently long and detailed (minimum 100 words); more than 300 words is too long . Exceeding 300 words is subject to -0.5 point deduction.Specifically discuss environmental principles for this unitDefine terms, rather than just listing termsExplain or link together concepts.Though not required, another plus toward achieving a high score is to speak specifically of your own direct experiences.